Georges Guiochon

Professor & Distiguished Scientist
Analytical Chemistry

Experimental and theoretical studies of chromatographic processes

Diplome d'ingenieur (M.Sc.), Ecole Polytechnique (Paris, France)
Ph.D., University of Paris

Research

We are studying different aspects of the thermodynamics and kinetics of equilibrium between a bed of a porous material and a solution percolating through this bed, in connection with analytical and preparative liquid chromatography. Analytical chromatography is now widely used to analyze an immense variety of samples in the life sciences, environmental and forensic chemistry. Preparative chromatography has acquired a great importance in the pharmaceutical industry and in the biotechnologies, for the purification of fine chemicals and particularly that of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Different implementations, with production rates in the low gram/year to the high ton/year range, are available. The most important target applications are the production of pure enantiomers and the extraction and purification of proteins.

Chromatography is based on the fact that plugs of different compounds injected simultaneously at the inlet of a porous bed that is percolated with a suitable solution move at a different velocity when the bed and the solution are properly chosen. This allows the separation of the components of a mixture.

The thrust of our research effort is in several directions.

We measure single-component and competitive equilibrium isotherms in a wide range of concentrations. These measurements are made for pure compounds and for binary mixtures because the concentration of a given compound in the solid phase in equilibrium with a given solution depends not only on the concentration of that compound in the solution but also on the concentration of the other components of the solution. Compounds studied are pairs of enantiomers, proteins, and many small molecules.
We study of the surface heterogeneity of adsorbents by measuring the distribution of the adsorption energy on their surface.
We measure the different parameters of the mass transfer kinetics and investigate the mechanisms involved, e.g., pore and surface diffusion.
We calculate the elution band profiles of compounds from their equilibrium isotherms and mass transfer kinetics and compare these calculated profiles with experimental ones. Their agreement depends on the accuracy of the thermodynamics and kinetic parameters and of the degree of validity of the models used to account for these two sets of phenomena. It is indicative of our degree of understanding of the separation studied.

Representative publications

Books

Fundamentals of Preparative and Nonlinear Chromatography, Georges Guiochon, Attila Felinger, Anita M. Katti, and Dean G. Shirazi, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2nd Edition, February 2006, 975 pages.

Modeling for Preparative Chromatography. Bingchang Lin and Georges Guiochon. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2003, 345 pages.

Papers

Measurement of the axial and radial temperature profiles of a chromatographic column. Influence of thermal insulation on column efficiency. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1138 (2007) 141-157.

Empirical development of a binary adsorption isotherm based on single component isotherms in the frameworks of the two-site model . Leonid Asnin, Krzysztof Kaczmarski, and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1138 (2007) 158-168.

Visualising viscous fingering in chromatography columns: High viscosity solute plug. R. Andrew Shalliker, Heather J. Catchpoole, Gary R. Dennis and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1142 (2007) 48-57.

Numerical Determination of Single - Component Isotherms at Different Temperatures and Mobile Phase Compositions. Tarab Ahmad, Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1142 (2006) 148-163.

How Viscous Fingering Can Spoil Your Separation and You May Not Even Suspect It. R. Andrew Shalliker, Heather J. Catchpoole, Gary R. Dennis and Georges Guiochon. BioProcess International, 5 (2007) 32-37.

Limits of the numerical estimation of the adsorption energy distribution from adsorption isotherm data using the Expectation-Maximization method. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1144 (2007) 208-220.

Peak parking - moment analysis method as a strategy for studying the mass transfer in the stationary phase. Kanji Miyabe, Yuko Matsumoto, and Georges Guiochon. Analytical Chemistry, 79 (2007) 1970-1982.

The bandwidth in gradient elution chromatography with a retained organic modifier in RP-HPLC. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1145 (2007) 67-82.

Application of the general HETP equation to size exclusion chromatography. Study of the mass transfer of high-molecular-mass compounds in liquid chromatography. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Analytical Chemistry, 79 (2007) 3188-3198.

Chromatographic Columns. Current evolution in the technology. Georges Guiochon, G.I.T. Laboratory Journal Europe, 11(3) (2007) 31-32.

Thermodynamics of adsorption of binary aqueous organic liquid mixtures on a RPLC adsorbent. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1155 (2007) 85-99.

Modeling of chromatography separation using pellicular adsorbent. Krzysztof Kaczmarski and Georges Guiochon. Analytical Chemistry, 79 (2006) 4648-4656.

Comparison between the efficiencies of columns packed with fully and partially porous C18-bonded silica materials. Fabrice Gritti, Alberto Cavazzini, Nicola Marchetti, and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1157 (2007) 289-303.

Reproducibility of the finger pattern in viscous fingering. R. Andrew Shalliker, Victor Wong and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1161 (2007) 121-131.

Hold-Up volume in RPLC. Definition and comparison between static and dynamic methods. Fabrice Gritti, Yuri Kazakevich and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1161 (2007) 157-169.

Mass transfer kinetics in a shell particle material. Alberto Cavazzini, Fabrice Gritti, Krzysztof Kaczmarski, Nicola Marchetti, Georges Guiochon. Analytical Chemistry, 79 (2007) 5972-5979.

Influence of Microwave Irradiation on the Intraparticle Diffusion of an Insulin Variant in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography under Linear Conditions. Wilmer A. Galinada, Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1163 (2007) 157-168.

Gradient elution separation and peak capacity of columns packed with porous shell particles. Nicola Marchetti, Alberto Cavazzini, Fabrice Gritti, and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1163 (2007) 203-211.

Comparative study of the performance of columns packed with several new fine silica particles. Would the external shape of the particles affect column properties? Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1166 (2007) 30-46.

Consequences of the radial heterogeneity of the distribution of temperatures inside the column in fast elution liquid chromatography. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1166 (2007) 47-60.

Prediction/Verification of Particle Motion in One Dimension with the Discrete Element Method. Feng Chen, Eric C. Drumm, Georges Guiochon. ASCE International Journal of Geomechanics, 7 (2007) 344-352.

Monolithic Columns in High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1168 (2007) 101-168.

Effect of the surface coverage of endcapped C18-silica on the excess adsorption isotherms of commonly used organic solvents from water in RP-HPLC. Fabrice Gritti, Y. V. Kazakevich, Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1169 (2007) 111-124.

Unusual HETP behavior of a column packed with new shell particles at high temperatures. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1169 (2007) 125-138.

Comparison between the loading capacities of columns packed with partially and totally porous fine particles. What is the effective surface area available for adsorption? Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1176 (2007) 107-122.

High peak capacity separations of peptides in reversed-phase gradient elution liquid chromatography on columns packed with porous shell particles. Nicola Marchetti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1176 (2007) 206-216.

Prediction of the Influence of the Heat Generated by Viscous Friction on the Efficiency of Chromatography Columns. Krzysztof Kaczmarski, Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1177 (2008) 92-104.

The ultimate band compression factor in gradient elution chromatography. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1178 (2008) 79-91.

Minimizing the thermodynamic band tailing of basic compounds in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. What is the best structure for the C18-bonded silica? Fabrice Gritti, Cecile Perdu, Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1180 (2008) 73-89.

Ultra High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. Column permeability and changes of the eluent properties. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1187 (2008) 165-179.

Column Properties and Flow Profiles in Over-pressured Thin Layer Chromatography. Khaled S. Mriziq and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1187 (2008) 180-187.

Immobilization of a-acid Glycoprotein for Chromatographic Studies of Drug-protein Binding Ii. Correction for Errors in Association Constant Measurements Due to Self-competition Zonal Elution Studies. Hai Xuan, Georges Guiochon and David S. Hage. Analytical Biochemistry, 376 (2008) 154-156.

Implementations of Two-dimensional Liquid Chromatography. Georges Guiochon, Nicola Marchetti, Khaled Mriziq, R. Andrew Shalliker. Journal of Chromatography A, 1189 (2008) 109-168.

Comprehensive Off-line Bi-Dimensional Liquid Chromatographic. Separations of Peptides by a Combination of two Gradient Elutions, one by a Strong Cation Exchange column, the other by Reversed Phase. Nicola Marchetti, Jacob N. Fairchild, Georges Guiochon. Analytical Chemistry, 80 (2008) 2756-2767.

Features of the adsorption of naproxen enantiomers on weak chiral anion-exchangers in nonlinear chromatography. Leonid Asnin, Krzysztof Kaczmarski,Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A, 1192 (2008) 62-73.

Structural Radial Heterogeneity of a Silica-Based Wide-Bore Monolithic Column. Khaled S. Mriziq, Jude A. Abia, Youngmi Lee, and Georges Guiochon. Journal of Chromatography A. 1195 (2008) .

Complete Temperature Profiles in Ultra High Pressure Liquid Chromatography Columns. Fabrice Gritti and Georges Guiochon. Analytical Chemistry, 80 (2008).

Biographical sketch

Dr. Georges A. Guiochon was appointed a UTK/ORNL Distinguished Scientist in 1987. He received a degree of Ingenieur from Ecole Polytechnique (Paris, France) and a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Paris. He was a Professor at Ecole Polytechnique and at the University of Paris until 1984. From 1984 to 1987 he was Professor at Georgetown University. He has published six books and nearly 1000 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals. He is a "highly cited scientist" of ISI. He has received numerous awards, including the ACS Awards in Separation Sciences and in Chromatography, four honorary doctorates (Technical University, Budapest; University of Pardubice, Czech Republic; University Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain; University of Ferrara, Italy), the Alexander von Humboldt Award (19994), the Award of the Japanese Society for the Propagation of Sciences (2002), the Halasz Award and the Csaba Horvath Award (2008).

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